Transcript
Autumn 2012 Semester Seminar Presentation
Comparison C i of
Embedded System Design
for Industrial Applications
Presented by y Aheibam Laxmi, 12EC65D01
INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KHARAGPUR TECHNOLOGY,
8TH Aug 2012 1/19
Electronics & Electrical Communication Engineering
Scope of Presentation 1. Introduction 2. Platforms for Embedded System Implementation 3. Overview of Embedded System Applications 4. Case-Study of Embedded System Designs 5. Conclusion
Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP
8TH Aug 2012
2/19
Introduction What is Embedded System? Software implemented in hardware i order t S ft i l t di h d in d to realize specified real-time functionalities. Features of Embedded System: Real-time operation Less computational power and limited memory-size compared to Computer Platform Simplified OS
Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP
8TH Aug 2012
3/19
Platforms for Embedded System Application Microcontrollers and Microprocessors Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) Digital Signal Processors (DSP) Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC)
Source:http://www.eetimes.com/design/industrial-control/ Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP 8TH Aug 2012 4/19
Microcontrollers and Microprocessors
Microprocessor (μP) : developed as a single chip implementation of CPU. Its main application is in computing technology. t h l g The advanced μP include: i. several CPU on single chip, i l i l hi ii. RAM memory cache, iii. iii Virtual memory H/W support Microcontroller (MCU) : manufactured with memory and some digital and analog peripherals integrated with a processor core on single chip. Over various architectures of MCUs, there is trade off between Functionality vs SWAP & Cost
Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP 8TH Aug 2012 5/19
Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)
FPGAs: FPGA sprouted f t d from PROM and PLD d as user re-configurable (even after manufacturing) complex chip for digital embedded system. Advantages of FPGAs : • Effective high speed operation • Reconfiguration capability • Embedded DSP Cores FPGAs in Embedded Platform are used in either of the two ways: Digital Logic Soft d H d C S ft and Hard Core Processor (e.g.
Microblaze or Picoblaze as Soft Core and Power PC as Hard Core)
Source:http://www.eetimes.com/design/industrial-control/ Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP 8TH Aug 2012 6/19
Digital Signal Processor (DSP)
DSPs: designed to have Embedded Multipliers and DSP blocks for complex mathematical operations. Main advantage of DSPs over MCU: Single cycle MAC operation Easily Implementable using high level languages. Fixed Point or Floating Point Digital Signal Controller (DSC): DSPs (along with PWM Gen, watchdog timers & fast response interrupts) optimized for Control application
Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP
8TH Aug 2012
7/19
Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC)
ASIC: comprising of standard cells (32bit processors, ROM, RAM, EEPROM, Flash) designed to have high quality performance, low power consumption and low cost. Easy PathTM FPGA vs ASIC Xilinx EasyPath FPGAs offer a fast seamless low NRE, risk free fast, seamless, NRE way to easily migrate one’s designs without ASIC conversion, req qualification or other engineering effort. g g It provides a 30-70% unit cost advantage over Xilinx FPGAs. Because EasyPath FPGAs do not require the production of new custom mask sets, EasyPath FPGAs provide much lower NRE charges than ASIC devices.
Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP 8TH Aug 2012 8/19
Overview of Embedded System Applications
Several applications of Embedded Systems are surveyed and classified into following groups: 1. Non-Linear Compensation 2. 2 Automation Systems 3. Adaptive Control Systems 4. Image and Audio Processing 5. Internet Services 6. Communication Systems 7. System Diagnosis and N i /F lt A l i 7 S t Di g i d Noise/Fault Analysis 8. Robotic Platform 9. 9 Circuit Design 10.Educational Platforms
Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP
8TH Aug 2012
9/19
Example: Adaptive Control System
Source: Spinka, O.; Holub, O.; Hanza´lek, Z.; , "Low-Cost Reconfigurable Control System for Small UAVs," Industrial Electronics, Electronics IEEE Transactions on , vol.58, no.3, pp.880-889, March 2011 vol 58 no 3 pp 880-889 Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP 8TH Aug 2012 10/19
Example: Image and Audio Processing
Source: Weber, J.; Oruklu, E.; Saniie, J.; , "FPGABased Configurable Frequency-Diverse Ultrasonic Frequency Diverse Target-Detection System," Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on , vol.58, no.3, pp.871-879, March 2011
Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP
8TH Aug 2012 11/19
Case Study Examples of Embedded System Designs
Local Feedback Controller in Subsonic Wind Tunnel Sensor Interface for Mobile Robotic Platform Neural Network Implementation Digital Controller for Missile Actuation System
Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP
8TH Aug 2012 12/19
Case Study: Local Feedback Controller
Bradley University Subsonic Wind Tunnel
Source: Malinowski Malinowski, Aleksander.; Hao Yu; , "Comparison of Embedded System Design for Industrial Applications, Applications " Industrial Informatics, IEEE Transactions on , vol.7, no.2, pp.244-254, May 2011
Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP
8TH Aug 2012 13/19
Case Study: Robotic Navigation Application
Pioneer 3‐DX Mobile Robot
Source: Malinowski, Aleksander.; Hao Yu; , "Comparison of Embedded System Design for Industrial Applications," Industrial Informatics, IEEE Transactions on , vol.7, no.2, pp.244-254, pp 244 254 May 2011 Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP 8TH Aug 2012 14/19
Case Study: Neural Network Implementation
Problem: How to implement complex ANN into simple (say 8bit) microcontroller? Solution: Transform complex expressions into nos of simplified expressions
Source: Cotton, N.J.; Wilamowski, B.M.; Dundar, G.; , "A Neural Network Implementation on an Inexpensive Eight Bit Microcontroller," Intelligent Engineering Systems, 2008. INES 2008. International Conference on , vol., no., , g g g y , , , pp.109-114, 25-29 Feb. 2008 Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP 8TH Aug 2012 15/19
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Conclusions
Several Technologies are coming up to cope up the pace of advancement in Embedded System. Right Platforms for Right Applications need to be chosen. g pp Embedded Systems have matured and can be designed to solve various complex problems in industrial applications. pp
Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP
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References
[1] Malinowski, Aleksander.; Hao Yu; , "Comparison of Embedded System Design for Industrial Applications," Industrial Informatics, IEEE Transactions on , vol.7, no.2, pp.244-254, May 2011 [2] Spinka, O.; Holub, O.; Hanza´lek, Z.; , "Low-Cost Reconfigurable Control System f S ll UAV " I d t i l El t i S t for Small UAVs," Industrial Electronics, IEEE T Transactions on , vol.58, ti l 58 no.3, pp.880-889, March 2011 [3] Weber J ; Oruklu E ; Saniie J ; , "FPGA Based Configurable Frequency Weber, J.; Oruklu, E.; Saniie, J.; "FPGA-Based FrequencyDiverse Ultrasonic Target-Detection System," Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on , vol.58, no.3, pp.871-879, March 2011 [4] Cotton, N.J.; Wilamowski, B.M.; Dundar, G.; , "A Neural Network Implementation on an Inexpensive Eight Bit Microcontroller," Intelligent Engineering Systems, 2008. INES 2008. International Conference on , vol., no., pp.109-114, 25-29 Feb. 2008
Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP
8TH Aug 2012 18/19
Thank you!!
Seminar on ‘Comparison in Embedded System Design’ by Aheibam Laxmi, IIT, KGP
8TH Aug 2012 19/19